Commemorative dates
Holi
Holi or the festival of colors is a festival held in India every year, between February and March, the purpose of the festival is to celebrate the arrival of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. It is a very fun Hindu celebration that involves throwing colored powder, made with flowers and some fruits, on people.
INTERNATIONAL KITE FESTIVAL / UTTARAYAN
The International Festival of Kites takes place on January 14 every year, is one of the largest festivals celebrated in the State of Gujarat, which celebrates more than 2,000 festivals. The Festival of Pipas or Uttarayan, mobilizes the entire population that months before the festival people already begin to manufacture and make Kites of all sizes and colors.
The Uttarayan Festival has been going on since 1984 to mark the day when winter begins to turn into summer, according to the Indian calendar. It is the signal to farmers that the sun is back and that the harvest season is approaching.
People gather in small groups on their roof or friends to cram kite, making it a collective activity to celebrate together.
The art of flying kite was developed over time in India and was assumed as an important sport by Kings and royals.
January 26 Indian Republic Day
January 26 is Republic Day is a national holiday in India. It honors the date on which the Constitution of India came into force on January 26, 1950.
The main celebration of Republic Day is held in the national capital, New Delhi, in the Rajpath, before the President of India. On this day, ceremonial parades take place at rajpath, which are held as a tribute to India; unity in diversity and rich cultural heritage.
GANESH CHATURTHI
It is a festival that takes place in August/September, in the Period of Bhadrapad that in the Gregorian calendar is the same as a month starting on August 23 and ending on September 22.
Ganesh Chaturthi is the celebration of the birthday of Ganesh, the master God of wisdom and intellect.
Ganesh is the first son of Shiva and Parvati and is represented by a deity with a large belly, four arms and elephant head, with an entire tusk and another broken and having the mouse as his mount.
It is the most important festival in the State of Maharashtra, being celebrated for 10 days, between the 4th and 14th day of the Bhadrapad period. In the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra, images of Ganesh made of uncooked clay are worshipped by the population. In addition, a special sweet called Modak is prepared on this occasion.
DIWALI
Celebrated on the 15th day Kartika (full moon period that can be between the months of October or November) in the Hindu calendar.
Diwali is a festival that can last about five days that represents the beginning of the Hindu New Year. It is known as the "Festival of Lights" due to fireworks, small clay lamps, and candles that are lit during the celebrations.
These lights represent the victory of good over evil, and enlightenment over darkness.
Font:http://inroutes.com/10-festivais-indianos-que-voce-nao-pode-deixar-de-conhecer/
2021
Money
The History of the Indian Currency Notes and its Evolution
The origin of the word rupee is from the Sanskrit word “Rupya”, which means shaped, stamped, impressed or coin and also the Sanskrit word “raupya”, which means silver.
The rupee has a strange or perplexing past, with a long history of struggle, exploration and wealth which can be traced back to the ancient India of the 6th Century BC.
The first indian coins were minted in the 6th Century BC by the Mahajanpadas (the Republic Kingdoms of ancient India) known as Puranas, Karshapanas or Panas.
These coins have irregular shapes, standard weight and are made up of silver with different markings.
The Mughal Empire from 1526 AD consolidated the monetary system for the entire empire. In this era, the evolution of rupee occurred when Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun and issued a silver coin of 178 gms known as rupiya and was divided into 40 copper pieces and during the whole Mughal period silver coin remained in use.
King George VI replaced the native designs on banknotes and coins, but after the revolt of 1857, he made the Rupee as the official currency of colonial India.
In the honour of Queen Victoria in 1862, a series of bank notes and coins were issued with the Victoria portrait.
Finally, the Reserve Bank of India was set up in 1935, and empowered to issue Government of India notes. It had also printed 10,000 rupee notes and was later demonetised after Independence. The first paper currency issued by RBI was a 5 rupee note bearing King George VI’s portrait, in 1938.
In 1969 Reserve Bank of India issued the Mahatma Gandhi Birth Centenary Commemorative design series on Rs 5 and Rs 10 notes, and, in 1996 The Mahatma Gandhi series of paper notes were introduced.
After 2000, details of Indian Currency Notes are given in the form of table:
Font: The History of the Indian Currency Notes and its Evolution
Government india
Índia lt is the second most populous country, the seventh largest in geographical area and the most populous democracy the world.
Bounded to the south by the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea to the west and the Gulf of Bengal to the east, India has a 7,517 km long coastline. The country borders Pakistan to the west, China, Nepal and Bhutan to the north and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. The island countries of the Indian Ocean - Sri Lanka and Maldives - are located very close to India.
India is a republic made up of 28 states and seven union territories, with a system of parliamentary democracy.
The country is the seventh largest economy in the world in nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP), as well as the third largest in the world in GDP measured in Purchasing Power Parity.
Economic reforms carried out since 1991 have made the country one of the fastest growing economies in the world; however, India still suffers from high levels of poverty, illiteracy, gender violence, disease and malnutrition. A pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society, India is also home to a wide range of wildlife and protected habitats. India went from 140th to 177th place between 2016 and 2018 in the Environmental Performance Index compiled by researchers from Yale and Columbia Universities. In particular, the study highlights the "alarming" deterioration in air quality.
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CURIOSITIES:
1- their calendar (the Hindu calendar) are different, and have six seasons, namely: spring, summer, monsoon, autumn, winter and prevernal
2- inhaling the air of the city of Mumbai for a day, is equivalent to smoking 100 cigarettes, and the most polluted city in India and the world, is New Delhi
3- in the state of Madhya Pradesh, police officers receive a bonus in salary to let the mustache grow
4-has a city in it, called Auroville, founded in 1968, where its inhabitants do not use money, and have no religion
5-more than 1,600 languages are spoken in it, with about 20 main languages
TYPICAL DISHES
Very seasoned, the most used spices in this cuisine are curry, cinnamon, black pepper, vanilla and of course, masala. Masala is the most used spice in Indian dishes, its composition may vary according to the cook, but it usually brings cardamom, anise, saffron, cumin, cinnamon, ginger, walnut, cloves, cinnamon, black pepper and white pepper. Ufa. It is an explosion of flavors.
1 - Among the few meats that are part of the Indian menu, the most found are chicken and fish. Butter chinken is a dish that takes chicken cut into cubes, cooked with tomato sauce and ghee butter, a healthier version that discards the toxin from milk and lactose. To complete the list of ingredients, also delicious and healthy, this recipe includes yogurt and spices. Want to travel and not get lost in food? This is a great option for a light lunch or dinner.
2 - fish curry can be easily compared to our well-known moqueca. Each region of the country has its own way of preparation, the most traditional takes coconut oil, milk and the reddish color comes from pepper powder. In fact, bet on this combination if you are a fan of the pepper, since it is very spicy.
3 - Samosa is an Indian snack with fried dough very similar to our fried pastry. Because it is versatile and easy to eat, it is among the most sought after and traditional dishes in India, in addition to being very common in the daily lives of Indians. The dough is made with wheat flour, which can also be whole, and filled with several options, such as lentils, beans, mashed potatoes, onions and fruits. Of course, all of this is well seasoned and spicy.
4 - Kulfi is an original dessert from India created in the 16th century. The texture, appearance and flavor are very reminiscent of our ice cream, but with the dough a little more dense and creamy. They are found in the country in different flavors, but the most traditional are cream, mango, cardamom, saffron and pistachio. Due to its density, kulfi
It takes longer to melt than traditional ice cream.
5 - also an option for vegans. India is full of dishes that have no meat in their composition, but this tip does not take any ingredients of animal origin. Vadapav is a sandwich made of pav bread stuffed with a potato burger. Very traditional, it is easily found in any street stall. Everyone who has eaten says it is well-seasoned and delicious, as well as being practical for an afternoon snack, before leaving for the next item on the trip's itinerary.
FONT : https://www.viajarevida.com.br/os-10-pratos-da-culinaria-da-india/
Made by:
Ana Beatriz de Almeida: Typical Dishe
Kauany Lima Ribeiro: Commemorative dates
Kayo Natalino de Lima: Government india
Nicolas Rocha Candido:Curiosities
Rafael Miguel Barbosa Borghi:Money
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